INSIGHT 02

Identification is not
authentication.

A product can be individually identifiable without the system being able to prove that the object or carrier is genuine.

IDENTIFICATION

Assigns and retrieves an identity such as a serial, UID or URI.

AUTHENTICATION

Tests evidence through controlled issuance, secure components and trusted verification.

ASSOCIATION

Maintains the relationship between product, carrier, identifier and record.

ASSURANCE LAYERS

Separate the claims before choosing technology.

Each layer answers a different question and should be specified independently.

Visible marking

Useful for human reference and service.

Machine-readable access

QR, Data Matrix or NFC for retrieving a destination or identifier.

Secure response

Cryptographic proof where a suitable IC and server are implemented.

Trusted record

Controlled data, issuance and exception management.

PRECISE LANGUAGE

No carrier authenticates in isolation.

The assurance comes from the complete architecture, including how identifiers are issued, associated, verified and protected.

A physical identity programme begins with the product, its service journey and the evidence it must carry.

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